Represents a DOM element. WebElements can be found by searching from the document root using a {@code webdriver.WebDriver} instance, or by searching under another {@code webdriver.WebElement}:
driver.get('http://www.google.com'); var searchForm = driver.findElement(By.tagName('form')); var searchBox = searchForm.findElement(By.name('q')); searchBox.sendKeys('webdriver');
The WebElement is implemented as a promise for compatibility with the promise API. It will always resolve itself when its internal state has been fully resolved and commands may be issued against the element. This can be used to catch errors when an element cannot be located on the page:
driver.findElement(By.id('not-there')).then(function(element) { alert('Found an element that was not expected to be there!'); }, function(error) { alert('The element was not found, as expected'); });
The parent WebDriver instance for this element.
Either the opaque ID for the underlying DOM element assigned by the server, or a promise that will resolve to that ID or another WebElement.
The consumer promise for this instance. Provides protected access to the callback registering functions.
Shortcut for querying the document directly with css.
a css selector
Shortcut for querying the document directly with css.
a css selector
A promise that will be resolved to an array of the located {@link webdriver.WebElement}s.
Registers a function to be invoked when this promise is either rejected or resolved. This function is provided for backwards compatibility with the Dojo Deferred API.
The function to call when this promise is either resolved or rejected. The function should expect a single argument: the resolved value or rejection error.
The object which |this| should refer to when the function is invoked.
A new promise which will be resolved with the result of the invoked callback.
Registers a function to be invoked when this promise is successfully resolved. This function is provided for backwards compatibility with the Dojo Deferred API.
The function to call if this promise is successfully resolved. The function should expect a single argument: the promise's resolved value.
The object which |this| should refer to when the function is invoked.
A new promise which will be resolved with the result of the invoked callback.
An alias for {@code webdriver.promise.Promise.prototype.then} that permits the scope of the invoked function to be specified. This function is provided for backwards compatibility with the Dojo Deferred API.
The function to call if this promise is successfully resolved. The function should expect a single argument: the promise's resolved value.
The function to call if this promise is rejected. The function should expect a single argument: the rejection reason.
The object which |this| should refer to when the function is invoked.
A new promise which will be resolved with the result of the invoked callback.
Registers a function to be invoked when this promise is rejected. This function is provided for backwards compatibility with the Dojo Deferred API.
The function to call if this promise is rejected. The function should expect a single argument: the rejection reason.
The object which |this| should refer to when the function is invoked.
A new promise which will be resolved with the result of the invoked callback.
Cancels the computation of this promise's value and flags the promise as a rejected value.
The reason for cancelling this promise.
Schedules a command to clear the {@code value} of this element. This command has no effect if the underlying DOM element is neither a text INPUT element nor a TEXTAREA element.
A promise that will be resolved when the element has been cleared.
Schedules a command to click on this element.
A promise that will be resolved when the click command has completed.
Evalates the input as if it were on the scope of the current element.
A promise that will resolve to the evaluated expression. The result will be resolved as in {@link webdriver.WebDriver.executeScript}. In summary - primitives will be resolved as is, functions will be converted to string, and elements will be returned as a WebElement.
Schedule a command to find a descendant of this element. If the element cannot be found, a {@code bot.ErrorCode.NO_SUCH_ELEMENT} result will be returned by the driver. Unlike other commands, this error cannot be suppressed. In other words, scheduling a command to find an element doubles as an assert that the element is present on the page. To test whether an element is present on the page, use {@code #isElementPresent} instead.
The search criteria for find an element may either be a {@code webdriver.Locator} object, or a simple JSON object whose sole key is one of the accepted locator strategies, as defined by {@code webdriver.Locator.Strategy}. For example, the following two statements are equivalent:
var e1 = element.findElement(By.id('foo'));
var e2 = element.findElement({id:'foo'});
The locator strategy to use when searching for the element.
Arguments to pass to {@code WebDriver#executeScript} if using a JavaScript locator. Otherwise ignored.
A WebElement that can be used to issue commands against the located element. If the element is not found, the element will be invalidated and all scheduled commands aborted.
Schedules a command to find all of the descendants of this element that match the given search criteria.
Note that JS locator searches cannot be restricted to a subtree. All such searches are delegated to this instance's parent WebDriver.The locator strategy to use when searching for the elements.
Arguments to pass to {@code WebDriver#executeScript} if using a JavaScript locator. Otherwise ignored.
A promise that will be resolved with an array of located {@link webdriver.WebElement}s.
Resolves this promise with the given value. If the value is itself a promise and not a reference to this deferred, this instance will wait for it before resolving.
The resolved value.
Schedules a command to query for the value of the given attribute of the element. Will return the current value even if it has been modified after the page has been loaded. More exactly, this method will return the value of the given attribute, unless that attribute is not present, in which case the value of the property with the same name is returned. If neither value is set, null is returned. The "style" attribute is converted as best can be to a text representation with a trailing semi-colon. The following are deemed to be "boolean" attributes and will be returned as thus:
async, autofocus, autoplay, checked, compact, complete, controls, declare, defaultchecked, defaultselected, defer, disabled, draggable, ended, formnovalidate, hidden, indeterminate, iscontenteditable, ismap, itemscope, loop, multiple, muted, nohref, noresize, noshade, novalidate, nowrap, open, paused, pubdate, readonly, required, reversed, scoped, seamless, seeking, selected, spellcheck, truespeed, willvalidate
Finally, the following commonly mis-capitalized attribute/property names are evaluated as expected:
The name of the attribute to query.
A promise that will be resolved with the attribute's value.
Schedules a command to query for the computed style of the element represented by this instance. If the element inherits the named style from its parent, the parent will be queried for its value. Where possible, color values will be converted to their hex representation (e.g. #00ff00 instead of rgb(0, 255, 0)).
Warning: the value returned will be as the browser interprets it, so it may be tricky to form a proper assertion.The name of the CSS style property to look up.
A promise that will be resolved with the requested CSS value.
The parent driver for this instance.
Schedules a command to retrieve the inner HTML of this element.
A promise that will be resolved with the element's inner HTML.
Schedules a command to compute the location of this element in page space.
A promise that will be resolved to the element's location as a {@code {x:number, y:number}} object.
Schedules a command to retrieve the outer HTML of this element.
A promise that will be resolved with the element's outer HTML.
Schedules a command to compute the size of this element's bounding box, in pixels.
A promise that will be resolved with the element's size as a {@code {width:number, height:number}} object.
Schedules a command to query for the tag/node name of this element.
A promise that will be resolved with the element's tag name.
Get the visible (i.e. not hidden by CSS) innerText of this element, including sub-elements, without any leading or trailing whitespace.
A promise that will be resolved with the element's visible text.
Schedules a command to test whether this element is currently displayed.
A promise that will be resolved with whether this element is currently visible on the page.
Schedules a command to test if there is at least one descendant of this element that matches the given search criteria.
Note that JS locator searches cannot be restricted to a subtree of the DOM. All such searches are delegated to this instance's parent WebDriver.
The locator strategy to use when searching for the element.
Arguments to pass to {@code WebDriver#executeScript} if using a JavaScript locator. Otherwise ignored.
A promise that will be resolved with whether an element could be located on the page.
Schedules a command to query whether the DOM element represented by this instance is enabled, as dicted by the {@code disabled} attribute.
A promise that will be resolved with whether this element is currently enabled.
boolean
Whether this promise's value is still being computed.
Schedules a command to query whether this element is selected.
A promise that will be resolved with whether this element is currently selected.
Rejects this promise. If the error is itself a promise, this instance will be chained to it and be rejected with the error's resolved value.
The rejection reason, typically either a {@code Error} or a {@code string}.
Removes all of the listeners previously registered on this deferred.
Schedules a command to type a sequence on the DOM element represented by this instance.
Modifier keys (SHIFT, CONTROL, ALT, META) are stateful; once a modifier is processed in the keysequence, that key state is toggled until one of the following occurs:
element.sendKeys("text was",
webdriver.Key.CONTROL, "a", webdriver.Key.NULL,
"now text is");
// Alternatively:
element.sendKeys("text was",
webdriver.Key.chord(webdriver.Key.CONTROL, "a"),
"now text is");
The sequence of keys to type. All arguments will be joined into a single sequence (var_args is permitted for convenience).
A promise that will be resolved when all keys have been typed.
Schedules a command to submit the form containing this element (or this element if it is a FORM element). This command is a no-op if the element is not contained in a form.
A promise that will be resolved when the form has been submitted.
Registers listeners for when this instance is resolved. This function most overridden by subtypes.
The function to call if this promise is successfully resolved. The function should expect a single argument: the promise's resolved value.
The function to call if this promise is rejected. The function should expect a single argument: the rejection reason.
A new promise which will be resolved with the result of the invoked callback.
A promise that resolves to this element's JSON representation as defined by the WebDriver wire protocol.